Decisions

S.D. Fla. April 28, 2026

Exhaustion was excused as futile and the detention is governed by section 1226(a), so the government must hold a bond hearing within five days at which it bears the burden by clear and convincing evidence, or release him.

Mandatory detention 1225(b) Bond hearing

Caution The brief treats this and Euceda v. Noem as a different question from third-country removal; no reporter or unofficial citation is printed and the brief does not name the judge (the docket suffix is BLOOM).

W.D. Tex. November 17, 2025 817 F. Supp. 3d 406

Mandatory detention reaches only a person currently seeking admission, so the petitioner, who holds Special Immigrant Juvenile status, must receive a bond hearing within fourteen days or be released.

Mandatory detention 1225(b) Bond hearing Attorney fees

Caution Fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act were denied under Fifth Circuit authority holding the Act does not authorize fees for successful section 2241 motions, in contrast to the fee award in Aden v. Nielsen; no docket number is printed in the brief.

N.D. Cal. September 19, 2025 2025 WL 2689266

Due process bars re-detaining a noncitizen released after an individualized risk determination, even where detention is mandatory, without notice and a hearing on whether a material change of circumstances justifies re-detention.

Redetention Notice Bond hearing

Caution Preliminary injunction on the 'serious questions' standard, not a final judgment; the printed title reads 'Order Granting Motion for Temporary Restraining Order' although the body grants a preliminary injunction; the decretal paragraph states no forum, deadline, or burden of proof, although the body states a clear and convincing standard.

E.D. Cal. September 18, 2025 2025 WL 2675760 Third country: Kenya, Eritrea, Somalia, or Benin (mentioned to the petitioner; none secured)

The court enjoined third-country removal without written notice, a minimum of ten days to raise a Convention Against Torture claim, and reopening or fifteen days to seek reopening, but declined to order release under Zadvydas.

Notice Third-country designation CAT deferral Withholding Zadvydas Bond hearing Jurisdiction 1252(g) Assurances

Caution Preliminary injunction converted from a temporary restraining order with merits briefing to follow, although the decretal paragraph says 'permanently enjoined'; the bond hearing within 30 days, which the government requested, appears in the analysis but not in the numbered decretal paragraphs; the judge is not named anywhere in the printout; the assurances material comes from the court's quotation of ICE's July 9, 2025 policy, not from any assurance in this case.

N.D. Cal. September 12, 2025 2025 WL 2637503

An asylum seeker released on her own recognizance is detained under section 1226(a), not section 1225(b)(2), and due process entitles her to a pre-deprivation bond hearing before any re-arrest.

Redetention Notice Mandatory detention 1225(b) Bond hearing

Caution Preliminary injunction, not a final judgment; substantive due process claims were expressly not reached; the country of origin is printed throughout as 'Columbia'; the decretal language, unlike the earlier temporary restraining order, does not repeat the word 'notice'.

W.D. La. August 27, 2025 2025 WL 2472136

A noncitizen present since 2005 and taken into custody as she left her immigration hearing is likely detained under section 1226(a), not section 1225(b)(2)(A), and must receive an individualized bond hearing or be released.

Mandatory detention 1225(b) Bond hearing

Caution Preliminary posture, with the habeas petition still pending; the separate motion for release was denied and release was ordered only if the bond hearing was not held by September 5, 2025, and the outcome of that hearing is not in the file; the order does not separately label the relief as a temporary restraining order or a preliminary injunction.

S.D. Fla. August 8, 2025 2025 WL 2280485; 2025 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 153228 Third country: Guatemala

The emergency motion was denied: section 241.4(l)(2) required no notice or interview and both were in fact given, the Zadvydas claim was premature, and the regulatory stay barred removal to Mexico only.

Redetention Informal interview Notice Zadvydas CAT deferral Third-country designation Jurisdiction 1252(g) Transfer out of district Bond hearing

Caution The brief records that this decision resolves the project's ledger claim 10 against the version previously carried: the motion was denied, and no appellate stay is supported, only the district court's interim order of June 12, 2025 staying transfer and removal. The decision splits from Grigorian, Zhu, Ceesay and Torres on whether section 241.4(l)(1) process attaches to an (l)(2) revocation, and from Gonzalez v. Noem and Zhu on jurisdiction to restrain a transfer.

W.D. Wash. April 24, 2025 779 F. Supp. 3d 1239

A noncitizen who entered without inspection and was arrested while living in the United States is likely detained under section 1226(a), not section 1225(b)(2), and must receive a bond hearing within fourteen days.

Mandatory detention 1225(b) Bond hearing

Caution Preliminary injunction on the named plaintiff's individual statutory claim; the order does not certify a class and is not a final ruling on the section 1225(b)(2) versus section 1226(a) question, and the court said the government would have a full opportunity to brief that question later; immediate release was declined in favour of a bond hearing; the plaintiff's country of citizenship is not stated; KeyCite records the decision as distinguished by Martinez v. Scott (W.D. Wash. Aug. 27, 2025).

W.D. Wash. December 6, 2019 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 210865; 2019 WL 6683512 Third country: Somalia

The government's position was not substantially justified, and the court awarded $36,720 in fees and $2,170 in expenses at $450 per hour under the Equal Access to Justice Act.

Attorney fees Notice Third-country designation

Caution Fees were denied for the unsuccessful motion-to-enforce phase. The brief notes that a Fifth Circuit decision cited elsewhere in the collection holds the Act does not authorize fees for successful section 2241 motions, so fee recovery depends on the circuit.

W.D. Wash. November 7, 2019 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 194142; 2019 WL 5802013 Third country: Somalia

The court had habeas jurisdiction to review an immigration judge's no-bond determination for legal error and the petitioner stated a colorable due process claim, but prudential exhaustion applied and was not excused.

Bond hearing

Caution This is the unfavourable decision in the same case; fees were later denied for this phase as unsuccessful.

W.D. Wash. June 20, 2019 409 F. Supp. 3d 998; 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 103569; 2019 WL 2548137 Third country: Somalia

DHS may designate a removal country outside removal proceedings, but designating Somalia without notice or an opportunity to be heard violated due process, so proceedings must be reopened before any removal there.

Redetention Notice Third-country designation Withholding CAT deferral Jurisdiction 1252(a)(5) Bond hearing Zadvydas

Caution The four-step notice procedure often attributed to this case comes from subsection D of the magistrate judge's report, which the district judge did not adopt; the court's statement that failing to advise of the right to apply for asylum or withholding is itself a due process violation is hedged as what Ninth Circuit case law 'suggests'; the court held detention was not indefinite under Zadvydas and granted only a bond hearing on that score. Any account presenting the case as forbidding administrative designation misstates it.